Hyperpigmentation related to B12 deficiency can be a significant concern for those affected, as it may indicate an underlying nutritional issue that needs to be addressed. Health Professional The skin may also appear pale or yellowish due to anemia caused by the deficiency
However, this means different levels to different investigators depending on the phenomenon being investigated

References Cell Metabolism (2015) The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c promotes metabolic homeostasis and reduces obesity and insulin resistance (Lee C, Zeng J, Drew BG, et al.) Journal of Translational Medicine (2023) Mitochondria-derived peptide MOTS-c: effects and mechanisms related to stress, metabolism and aging (Wan W, Zhang L, Lin Y, et al.) Journal of Molecular Medicine (2019) MOTS-c peptide regulates adipose homeostasis to prevent ovariectomy-induced metabolic dysfunction (Lu H, Wei M, Zhai Y, et al.) Nature Communications (2021) MOTS-c is an exercise-induced mitochondrial-encoded regulator of age-dependent physical decline and muscle homeostasis (Reynolds JC, Lai RW, Woodhead JST, et al.) Frontiers in Physiology (2023) Role of MOTS-c in the regulation of bone metabolism (Yi X, Hu G, Yang Y, et al.) Cognitive Vitality Reports (2021) MOTS-c (Cognitive Vitality Profile) Alzheimers Drug Discovery Foundation (ADDF) USADA Spirit of Sport (2023) What is the MOTS-c peptide

Axial loading refers to the vertical forces exerted on the knee when the body is in motion, such as during landing from a jump or sudden deceleration