These cells remain metabolically active, adopt a distinct phenotype (including chromatin changes), and critically secrete a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines, proteases, growth-factors and extracellular-matrix modifying signals
10.1016/j.watres.2023.119703 [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] Wang Y, Jiang L, Zhang Y, Ran R, Meng X, Liu S (2023) Research advances in the degradation of aflatoxin by lactic acid bacteria
Additionally, optimizing dosing schedules and timing in combination regimens can maximize therapeutic efficacy while minimizing toxicity to normal tissues
ROS are a necessary defense system to combat microbial respiratory infections (Lambeth, 2004), but oxidative stress and the excessive production of ROS by numerous cells including monocytes and macrophages, neutrophils, as well as pulmonary endothelial and epithelial cells play a major role in the development of ARDS and its complications during COVID-19 infections (Meftahi et al., 2021)